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Space Shuttle Challenger
Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' (NASA Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-099) was the second orbiter of NASA's space shuttle program to be put into service following ''Columbia''. The shuttle was built by Rockwell International's Space Transportation Systems Division in Downey, California. Its maiden flight, STS-6, started on April 4, 1983. It launched and landed nine times before breaking apart 73 seconds into its tenth mission, STS-51-L, on January 28, 1986, resulting in the death of all seven crew members. It was the first of two shuttles to be destroyed in flight. The accident led to a two-and-a-half year grounding of the shuttle fleet; flights resumed in 1988 with STS-26 flown by ''Discovery''. ''Challenger'' itself was replaced by ''Endeavour'' which was built using structural spares ordered by NASA as part of the construction contracts for ''Discovery'' and ''Atlantis''. ''Endeavour'' was launched for the first time in May 1992.
==History==
''Challenger'' was named after HMS ''Challenger'', a British corvette that was the command ship for the Challenger Expedition, a pioneering global marine research expedition undertaken from 1872 through 1876.〔("Orbiter Vehicles" ), Kennedy Space Center, NASA, 2000-10-03, retrieved November 7, 2007.〕 The Apollo 17 lunar module that landed on the Moon in 1972 was also named ''Challenger''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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